THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Modern Philosophy: Kant to the Present (1970) Leonard Peikoff Lecture 1. The Historical Background • A summary of those issues of Ancient and Early Modern Philosophy is essential for an understanding of recent philosophic trends. Lectures 2–3. Aristotelian Logic Banished From Philosophy • The father of contemporary philosophy: Immanuel Kant. • The Kantian revolution in philosophy—the analytic-synthetic dichotomy—Kant’s famous argument: the“deduction of the categories”—reality as unknowable“things-in-themselves”—the phenomenal and noumenal worlds. • Kant’s ethics: the morality of duty—the attack on happiness—the Categorical Imperative—the right to have faith in “God, freedom and immortality.” Lecture 4. A New “Logic” Leads to an Old Politics. . . • The philosophy of Hegel. • Reality as a dialectic process—the absolute—the coherence theory of truth—Hegel’sphilosophyof history—Hegel’s concept of freedom—the absolutist state. Lecture 5. . . . and to an Epidemic of
